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Biology Checklist ☑
Part 2 of the biology subject layout
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Apoptosis: Initiation Phase
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Execution Phase
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Removal / Phagocytosis Phase
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Caspases (Cysteine-aspartate proteases)
Initiator Caspases
Executioner Caspases
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Intrinsic Pathway (Mitochondrial Pathway)
Cellular stress detected
Bcl-2 Family Regulation
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization (MOMP)
Apoptosome Formation
Caspase Cascade
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Extrinsic Pathway (Death Receptor Pathway)
Death Ligands
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Perforin/Granzyme Pathway (Immune-Mediated)
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
ER Stress Pathway
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Molecular Breakdown Events (Execution Phase Details)
Cytoskeleton Breakdown
Nuclear Changes
Membrane Changes
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Biochemical Hallmarks
DNA laddering
Cell shrinkage
Chromatin condensation (pyknosis)
Nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis)
Membrane blebbing
Apoptotic bodies
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Regulation Checkpoints
Survival Signals That Inhibit Apoptosis
Pro-Apoptotic Signals
🔁 Programmed Cellular Processes
Neurogenesis
Induction Phase (Neural Fate Specification)
Ectoderm Patterning
Neural Plate Formation
Neural Tube Formation
